ADHD Treatment Medication Stimulants are among the most frequently prescribed medication for ADHD, and appear to increase and regulate levels of brain chemicals. However, they do not solve the problem and will only help with symptoms as long as they are used regularly. The adverse effects of ADHD medication could include an increase in heart rate and blood pressure and stomach upset anxiety and tics. Some children and teenagers who take stimulant drugs have a slight decrease in their growth rate. Methylphenidate Methylphenidate, a central nervous stimulant, is the most common medication used to treat ADHD. It comes in a variety forms, including a chewable tablet, a liquid, a long-acting orally disintegrating tablet, and an extended release pill. The drug is effective by increasing the levels of norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which helps to increase concentration. It may also reduce the symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methylphenidate can be a successful treatment for ADHD in conjunction with other treatments, including behavioural therapy. Methylphenidate blocks the transporters that are normally responsible for removing these neurotransmitters from the brain. The drug can cause an increase in blood pressure or heart rate. It may also trigger rapid changes in blood sugar levels, and people with diabetes should be cautious when taking this medication. If you encounter any of these side effects, speak to your doctor. Methylphenidate may also trigger a condition known as Raynaud's phenomena, which causes numbness and discomfort in the fingers and toes. This is a rare side effect, but it is important to inform your doctor if you are experiencing these symptoms. There is a concern that methylphenidate slows the growth of children, but it hasn't been proven to be the situation. If you have a child who is being treated with methylphenidate be sure to keep track of the child's weight and height closely. If your child is on a methylphenidate chewable tablet is a phenylalanine-based tablet, which is potentially dangerous for children who have the genetic disorder phenylketonuria (PKU). If you suffer from PKU, consult your doctor about the different methylphenidate formulations. Stimulants are considered the first-choice treatment for ADHD, but certain people are not able to use these medications. In these cases, doctors could prescribe a different medication that functions in a similar way. There are other stimulants like dexamfetamine and lisdexamfetamine, in addition to the methylphenidate. These substances are stronger than methylphenidate and can last longer. The typical dosage is twice or three times daily However, some people might be able take them more often. Psychological treatments are also available to treat ADHD however, they are less likely to prove effective than stimulants. Atomoxetine Atomoxetine is also known as the brand name Strattera, is a non-stimulant ADHD medication that increases concentration and reduces hyperactivity as well as impulsiveness. It belongs to a class known as selective norepinephrine-reuptake inhibitors. It works by increasing levels of dopamine and norepinephrine two chemical messengers that regulate brain's activity. It is a popular choice for both adults and children who prefer a different type of medication than stimulants, such as Adderall and Vyvanse. It is important to remember that atomoxetine doesn't work instantly, and it can take up to six weeks for the effects of the drug to be evident. There are also negative side effects, such as nausea and drowsiness. For most patients the benefits of taking atomoxetine outweigh the risks. In a double-blind, placebo controlled study of 297 ADHD patients between the ages of 12 and 18 years old, the efficacy of atomoxetine was confirmed. Participants were randomly assigned to receive atomoxetine at a daily dose 0.6 mg/kg or 1.2 mg/kg or a placebo for a period of 9 weeks. In both atomoxetine and placebo groups, symptoms of depression were less. The atomoxetine group saw more improvement in ADHD symptoms than the placebo group. However, the improvement was modest (Michelson and co. 2001). In a separate open study, 10 patients with ADHD who were unable to respond to stimulants were treated with atomoxetine for 8 weeks. The group receiving atomoxetine had improved ADHD symptoms compared to the placebo group and scores on the Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scale Investigator Rated Screening version as well as the Clinical Global Impressions of Severity scale gaining significant. One patient was unable to continue treatment due to an eruption. Three patients also reported temporary stomach symptoms, and one noticed an increase in fatigue. Talk to your doctor before you start treatment with atomoxetine about your health history, including any medications or supplements you're taking. This includes herbal remedies as well as over-the-counter medicines. Discuss with your doctor whether any of the following conditions exist for narrow-angle glaucoma thyroid or adrenal gland tumour; high blood pressure; heart disease or a history sudden death. Avoid Atomoxetine in addition to if you've taken an MAO-inhibitor like isocarboxazid or linezolid within the last 14 days, or rasagiline Methylene Blue Injection phenelzine or tranylcypromine. Bupropion Bupropion is a non-stimulant drug that can aid in reducing symptoms of ADHD. It also helps reduce the amount of impulsivity and improve concentration. However it doesn't affect the brain the similar way that stimulants do. Only prescriptions are accepted. Your doctor will decide the most effective dosage for you. Bupropion is available in tablets and capsules. It is essential to take the medication exactly as instructed. There are withdrawal symptoms that can occur if you stop suddenly. It's usually taken twice or three times a day with a gap of 4-6 hours between each dose. The dosage can range from 100mg twice or three times per day to 150mg four or three times each day. The drug is absorbed by the digestive system, and excreted through urine. It is not able to enter breast milk. It can, however, enter the bloodstream and cause damage to other organs. Bupropion increases blood pressure. It is important to check it regularly. Bupropion, in addition to improving ADHD symptoms, can also reduce depression. It can also be used to treat bipolar disorder. It works by blocking the dopamine receptors in your brain. This blocks the neurotransmitter dopamine, from reaching your brain. adhd treatment without medication helps stabilize your mood. Bupropion may interact with other medications. Inform your doctor if you're taking any other medication. It's also important to know whether you suffer from any allergies. Also, stay clear of caffeine and other stimulants, which can make the side effects more severe. A number of studies have examined the effects of bupropion versus placebos in adults with ADHD. The results of these studies were mixed, and the majority of studies were not conducted properly. A majority of these studies excluded participants with psychiatric co-morbidity. However, the evidence suggests that bupropion has a modest effect on ADHD. However, more research is needed to determine positive patient-centered outcomes like improvements in quality of life. Before effective treatments can be developed it is essential to gain a better understanding of the molecular types of ADHD. This is a greater understanding of the relationship between the molecular pathways. It's also important to understand the way that anti-ADHD medications work in combination with psychotherapy. Tricyclic antidepressants Antidepressants can be prescribed by doctors if stimulants prescribed to children with ADHD are not effective or cause side effects. These medications, like imipramine and Nortriptyline (Aventyl and Pamelor) boost the neurotransmitters norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which help people to focus. These older medications can cause serious negative side consequences. They are usually only used when other medications do not work. The first choice of depression-related antidepressants is typically an inhibitor of serotonin reuptake (SSRI) like fluoxetine, sertraline or citalopram. Tricyclic antidepressants continue to be used in certain instances despite their long-standing history. These medications are effective in treating neuropathic and other pains, but their antidepressant effect is not the identical. They increase the potency of noradrenephrine by reducing its reuptake, and also act as antagonists of pain pathways in the spinal cord. SSRIs have a lower risk of toxicity and less serious adverse effects than tricyclic antidepressants. They're also safer in the womb and don't appear to be teratogenic in humans or animals. If abruptly stopped, they may cause severe withdrawal symptoms. To lessen the negative side effects, your doctor might suggest reducing the dosage gradually over a period of time. Although it isn't officially recognized by the FDA as an adhd medication bupropion is commonly prescribed antidepressant off-label to treat ADHD. It is believed to work by increasing neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and dopamine in the brain, which improves concentration. It also has been proven to reduce anxiety, and it can be utilized in conjunction with stimulants to get faster and lasting results. There are adhd medication online -approved nonstimulant ADHD medication, however many people have found relief through herbal remedies and dietary supplements. A diet that is low in sugar and fat can aid in reducing ADHD symptoms. Some people might benefit from staying clear of caffeine. Inform your doctor about all medicines you or your child are taking such as herbal remedies and over-the-counter medicines. This will avoid interactions and minimize unwanted adverse effects. ADHD medications can affect people differently. It could take a bit of trial and error to find the right dosage and drug for your child or yourself.
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